Which of the following are considered vitamins?

Vitamins are organic compounds that are essential for normal physiological functions and must be obtained through diet, as the body cannot produce them in sufficient quantities. Vitamin C and Vitamin B12 are both well-known vitamins that play crucial roles in various bodily functions.

Vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid, is important for the synthesis of collagen, absorption of iron, and the maintenance of the immune system. It is water-soluble and must be consumed regularly in the diet from sources like fruits and vegetables.

Vitamin B12, or cobalamin, is essential for red blood cell formation, neurological function, and DNA synthesis. Unlike Vitamin C, Vitamin B12 is water-soluble but is typically found in animal products, making it an important nutrient for those following a vegetarian or vegan diet to be aware of.

The other options listed are not considered vitamins: calcium and magnesium are minerals that play vital roles in bone health and muscle function, carbohydrates and proteins are macronutrients that provide energy and support growth and repair in the body, and omega-3 fatty acids are a type of essential fat that also contribute to overall health but do not fall within the vitamin classification.