Which contraceptive method may cause irritation as a common side effect?

The correct answer is that all the listed contraceptive methods may cause irritation as a common side effect.

Contraceptive patches are applied to the skin and may lead to localized skin irritation or an allergic reaction due to the adhesive or hormones. Similarly, contraceptive implants are also inserted under the skin, and some users might experience irritation or discomfort at the insertion site.

Male condoms can cause irritation as well, which can arise from the rubber or latex material, especially for individuals with sensitivities. Additionally, lubricants or spermicides used with condoms can be another source of irritation.

Since each method has the potential for irritation among its users, the most comprehensive answer includes all the options presented.