Which components are classified as trace minerals?

Trace minerals are essential nutrients required by the body in very small amounts, yet they are vital for various physiological functions, including enzyme activity, hormone production, and maintaining overall health. Chromium and selenium are both categorized as trace minerals because they play crucial roles despite being needed in minute quantities.

Chromium is involved in macronutrient metabolism and improves insulin sensitivity, while selenium is significant for antioxidant defense and thyroid hormone metabolism. Both minerals, although they are present in trace amounts, contribute importantly to human health.

In contrast, potassium and calcium are classified as major minerals due to their higher required intake levels and significant roles in bodily functions such as nerve transmission, muscle contraction, and maintaining bone health. Zinc and iron, although essential, are not considered trace minerals as they typically require a higher intake for fulfilling the body's needs, and magnesium and phosphorus are also categorized as major minerals for similar reasons.